Title: Text and Multimedia Languages and Properties
Summary: 

• Metadata - information on the organization of the data (i.e. data about the data).
• Resource Description Framework (RDF) - provides interoperability between applications.  This framework allows the description of web resources to facilitate automated processing of the information.
• Markup - is defined as extra textual syntax that can be used to describe formatting actions, structure information, text semantics, attributes, etc.
• Most formats for multimedia are partially binary and hence can only be processed by a computer.

Summary: The authors emphasized having a standard not only for the metadata fields, but also on what content we put into the metadata.  They used the example of the hotel rating system (i.e. 5-star, 4-star). One of the biggest problems, as the authors saw it, was that there were too many metadata projects.

Summary:

• RDF Triple: Subject, Predicate, Object
• Having the Web in a standardized representation allows us to enrich the semantics not just of information in
  documents on the Web, but of the information expressed by the Web.
• RDF Schema (RDFS) - language for creating web-based controlled vocabularies.
• Web Ontology Language (OWL) - extends RDFS and places restrictions on how properties can be used when linking entities.